The flow velocity should be measured using Floor Mount Type Parallel Pipes ‘T’ & ‘Y’ Junctions Fluid Mechanics: Friction Loss in Pipes Apparatus the calibrated variable area flow meter and the measuring tank of the Hydraulic Bench.

System should be mounted on a supporting rigid structure mounted on wheels.

Flow velocity or Reynolds number can be varied.

A system of parallel pipe network configuration and isolating valves enable tests to be conducted on different pipes without disconnecting or draining the system.

The head loss due to friction should be measured using a suitably placed static pressure tapings, multi-tube manometer and digital pressure meter.

Experiments:

Study of pipe friction in laminar and turbulent flows.

Study of effect of surface roughness on friction factor.

Determination of relationship between pipe friction factor and flow Reynolds numbers.

Familiarization and training with pressure and fluid flow measurements.

Study of pipe friction at various flow velocities.

Comparison of measured friction factors with Moody’s chart.

Specifications:

Flow measurement using Variable Area Flow Meter and measurement tank of the Hydraulic Bench.

Water Manometer with hand air pump, 8 tubes X 800 mm with 1mm reading

Mercury Manometer, 2 tubes X 500 mm with 1mm reading.

Digital Pressure Meter.

Artificially roughened pipes, 23 and 17 mm bore, 1800mm length, PVC. Color coding for piping system will be selected to suit user requirements.

Pressure tapping is by small ball valves with quick connections will be provided at inlet and exit. Pressures are measured using multi-tube manometer. Pressure taps are connected to a set of manifolds by flexible pressure hoses such that differential pressure across pipe length can be measured by opening valves without removing the hoses.

The Apparatus should include the following pipes for testing:

Smooth bore pipes: 27, 14 and 3.5 mm bore, 1800mm length, PVC.

Electrical supply, 240 V, single-phase, 50 Hz.

Overall Dimensions approx. (HxWxD): 1.2×2.5×0.6 m.